快看：从阅读小说到模拟法庭：与现实接轨的教育如何发生？All Rise... The

最近，MYP中学英语语言与文学课程的学生在阅读娜塔莉·巴比特（Natalie Babbit）的经典小说《永远的狄家（Tuck Everlasting）》时，发出了一个疑问——“每个犯罪的人都应该受到惩罚吗？”

《永远的狄家》是一部奇幻小说，它以19世纪为时代背景，让读者从客观的角度来衡量一系列现实问题，例如生命的轮回、贪婪的心理，和是非对错的命题。为了让学生更深入地探究书中情节，教师将他们带进了一场模拟法庭中……

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“Should everyone who commits a crime be punished?”The MYP English Language and Literature students faced this dilemma after reading Natalie Babbit’s classic novelTuck Everlasting.

Set in the 1800s, this fantasy novel allows students to consider realistic themes such as the circle of life, greediness, and right vs wrong in a more objective way. To help students better understand the reality and inquiry more deeply, they are led into a mock trial...

在模拟法庭开庭前，学生在运用其研究能力进行调查时发现，在很多国家的陪审团审判案件中，审判结果并不是由法官来决定的，而是由一群守法的公民（陪审团）决定的。学生进一步发现，普通人比法官更容易被打动，因为他们更倾向于倾听一个令人信服的故事，并根据当下的情景来决定审判结果。

Using our research skills, we found out about jury trials in other countries where the outcome of a case is decided not by a judge but by a group of law-abiding citizens.We found out further that ordinary people are much easier to persuade than judges because they tend to listen to a compelling story and make a decision based on who they believe should win under the circumstances.

上图为部分章节，为学生结合小说情节和其他模拟法庭范本而创作的模拟法庭剧本。

The picture above shows one of the pages of the mock trial script created by students combining the plot of the book and other mock trial samples.

学生共同制作了模拟法庭的脚本，了解审判过程和庭审角色。他们被分为了控方和辩方两组，学习着如何撰写辩词。在教师的引导下，他们学会设计有效的问题，为有罪或无罪的判决结果提供有力的证据。

Armed with a sample mock trial script, we learned about the trial process and people’s specific roles in a court case. We divided into prosecution and defense groups and then learned how to write argumentative speeches. We worked on crafting effective questions that could support a guilty or not guilty verdict.

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引导学生充分了解和参与现实世界中的事务是深嵌于TWIS教育使命中的一种实践方式。让教育与现实接轨，引导学生掌握必要的技能从而更好地掌握世界。犹如学生在模拟法庭结束后所撰写的，这一切的教学效果都正在发生……

Having students engage in situations that exist in the real world is one way for TWIS to enact its mission to equip them with the necessary skills to navigate the world. These are evident in the confessions… rather the reflections of the participants:

扮演“辩方证人”的学生May说：“我学会了如何对问题进行换位思考，因为小说人物Mae Tuck的案件是一个非常具有挑战性的课题。以前我认为Mae是无罪的，但我从来没有想过为什么和如何去论证，也没有想过她可能是有罪的。我认为这次的经历可以帮助我在未来的辩论中表现得更出色。”

May as Witness for the Defense:“ I learned how to think of things from different perspectives because Mae Tuck’s case is a very challenging subject. Before I would have thought that Mae was not guilty, but I had never thought of why and how to prove it, or the possibility that she could be guilty. I think that this can help me to become better at debates in the future.”

扮演“控方证人”的学生Alice说：“我学会了如何与我的组员合作和沟通。在编辑剧本的过程中，我们讨论了如何推理结论或做决定，并将我们所有的想法集结起来。下一次，我想我可以做更多的准备和研究，为我的辩词提供更多的证据，并学会在模拟审判中保持自信和平常心。”

Alice as Witness for the Prosecution: “I learned how to collaborate and communicate with my teammates. We discussed finding a conclusion or do some decisions during the editing of the script and summarized all our ideas together. Next time, I think I can prepare and research more to have more evidence for the defense and feel more confident and comfortable during the mock trial.”

扮演“控方证人”的学生Chael说：“我发现在未来我或许还可以成为一名还不错的法医专家，因为我察觉到我是一个很好的观察者，对于一些重要的事项都会做笔记。关于反思，因为在这次的模拟法庭中我忘记打印证据了，如果还有下次，我会提前把我准备好的医疗报告打印出来，这些报告都可以作为证据来使用。”

Chael as Witness for the Prosecution: “I learned that I may not be a bad forensic scientist in the future because I know that I am a good observer and I take notes on things that are important. Next time I would print out the medical report I prepared because in the mock trial I forgot to print it which could be submitted as evidence.”

扮演“行政官”和“书记员”的学生Yanyan说：“我了解到担任法庭书记员这一职位的不易，因为他们要详尽地记下笔记，并说出每一位在场人士的名字和职业等等。下次我们会更深思熟虑，多考虑后果才能在案件审判中获胜。”

Yanyan as Bailiff and Clerk: “I learnt that being a court clerk isn"t easy because they have to jot down notes, state everyone’s name and profession and so much more. Next time we should think of the questions with much thought and consider the consequences more to win a case.”

扮演“辩方律师”的学生Nathan说：“从这次的模拟法庭中，我学到了三件事。第一，如何审查证据并依此推理结论；第二，强有力的论据可以改变人们的看法；第三，学会如何发表令人信服的辩词和提出问题从而更好地推动案件的发展。”

Nathan as Defense Lawyer: “I learned three things from this activity. First, how to examine the evidence and draw a conclusion. Second, by using strong arguments you can change people’s perceptions. Third, how to deliver convincing statements and ask questions that benefit my case.”

扮演“辩方证人”的学生Luna说："我学会我必须准备好所有辩方可能问我的问题。回答的方式既可以对我的辩方团队有利，也可以对控方团队有利，所以我在回答问题时尽量表现出我的情感，这样陪审团才会对我加以信任。”

Luna as Witness for the Defense: “I had to be ready to face questions that the prosecution could ask me. The way to answer can either benefit my team or the opposing team so I tried to add emotions when answering questions so the jury would believe and trust me.”

扮演“控方律师/检察官”的学生Gabriel说：“我了解到一场审判是如何进行的，以及它所包含的所有元素和角色，例如陪审团、书记员和判决流程。我发现，我在压力下或者在法庭上，我会紧张得忘记我需要说的话，所以我需要花更多时间来确保我对自己的台词熟记于心。”

Gabriel as the Prosecuting Attorney: “I learned how trials typically work, and all its aspects including the jury, clerk and sentencing. I learned that under pressure or on stage I can get nervous and forget what I need to say so I would need to spend more time on making sure I knew my lines by heart.”

特别鸣谢 Special Thanks to

Ms. Ann and Mr. Jason